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Test
Reading and Writing
Domain
Information and Ideas
Skill
Command of Evidence
Difficulty
Hard
ID: b2e54b50
Modded SAT Question Bank by Abdullah Mallik

Correlations Between Congestion Ratings and Features of the Crowd in Raters’ Immediate Vicinity

Crowd featureBefore obstacleAfter obstacleOverall
Density0.85920.73080.7447
Velocitynegative 0.9357negative 0.9518negative 0.8587

Researcher Xiaolu Jia and colleagues monitored individuals’ velocity and the surrounding crowd density as a group of study participants walked through a space and navigated around an obstacle. Participants rated how congested it seemed before the obstacle, after the obstacle, and overall, and the researchers correlated those ratings with velocity and density. (Correlations range from negative 1 to 1, with greater distance from 0 indicating greater strength). The researchers concluded that the correlations with velocity are stronger than those with density.

Which choice best describes data from the table that support the researchers’ conclusion?

  1. The correlation between congestion ratings before the obstacle and density is further from 0 than the correlation between overall congestion rating and velocity is.

  2. The correlation between congestion ratings before the obstacle and velocity is further from 0 than the correlation between congestion overall and velocity is.

  3. For each of the three ratings, the correlation with velocity is negative while the correlation with density is positive.

  4. For each of the three ratings, correlations with velocity are further from 0 than the corresponding correlations with density are.

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Correct Answer: D
Rationale

Choice D is the best answer. The text tells us that the farther the correlation is from 0, the “stronger” it is (doesn’t matter if it’s negative or positive). The table shows that the correlations with velocity are farther from zero than the correlations with density, which supports the conclusion that the correlations with velocity are stronger.

Choice A is incorrect. This choice doesn’t support the conclusion. It makes an “apples to oranges” comparison by comparing density and velocity correlations across features instead of comparing them for each feature. Choice B is incorrect. This choice doesn’t support the conclusion. It doesn’t include the density correlations for comparison. Choice C is incorrect. This choice doesn’t support the conclusion. The text tells us that the farther the correlation is from 0, the “stronger” it is: it doesn’t matter for “strength” whether it’s negative or positive.

Question Difficulty: Hard
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